"A Hands-on Introduction to Nanoscience and Technology"

or

"We're not in Kansas Anymore!"

ENGR-2500, 2510, 2520

So what will the class cover? First, at the nanoscale, we must confront the fact that Newton’s sensible laws are replaced by the weirdness of quantum mechanics (hence the class’s Wizard of Oz subtitle). The details are bewildering, but for this class you only need to know that electrons begin to act like waves. But all waves act basically the same way. And that means that to anticipate how weird electron waves might behave, we can (literally) start by experimenting with water waves (for instance, water waves will explain why manufacturers are putting nanoparticles into sun block).

The second thing that changes at the nanoscale, is that WE can no longer manufacture things directly. Micro-assembly techniques (such as those used in making the integrated circuits of your computer/cell phone/PDA) are based on micro-photography. And images just won’t focus to smaller than a wavelength of light (something we’ll also show with the water waves). But light’s wavelength is at least 10X too large to pattern things at the nanoscale. Instead we have to rely on a process called “self-assembly.” That is, we have to design the parts so they know how we want them to finally come together. The ultimate example of self-assembly? DNA synthesis of protein. But DNA might also someday help us to self-assemble nano electronic circuits. Some people spend years studying self-assembly and DNA. But in this class you’ll find that we can learn the essentials in just three or four classes.

But after you’ve programmed the parts to “self-assemble” at the nanoscale, how do you know if they got it right? One way is to use distant cousins of the old-fashion record player called the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Scanning Tunneling Microscope (whose invention earned two researchers Nobel Prizes). We used the NSF grant to buy six of these instruments. In the labs, you will use these tools to see individual atoms. (to view our full virtual reality recreations of these instruments, click on the photos above).

Finally, we’ll also discuss the boundary between nanoscience and nanotechnology. There is a heck of a lot of the former but not, as yet, a whole lot of the latter. The distinction has produced immense confusion in media from Scientific American to science fiction. What is real? What stands a good chance (or virtually no chance) of ever becoming real? And for the things that do become real, how might they affect us, and the other inhabitants of this world?

For this class, you should enroll in the lecture/discussion meeting (ENGR-2500) plus one of the four lab sections (ENGR-2510). Or, if you want to pursue independent nanoscience literature research, ENGR-2520 can be substituted for the lab (with the professor's permission).

Course Memo	Image Gallery of STM & AFM Micrographs Obtained by Students
Formal class syllabus	Our vision for the class (excerpts from the NSF proposal)

Nanoscience Class Webpages

Links to Nanoscience Education Resources We've Found Elsewhere on the Web

Hands-on Nanoscience - Fall 2009

Instructor: John C. Bean

Lecture / Discussion Schedule:

	Class Date	Link to Lecture Notes	Link to supporting webpage with embedded animations & simulations, and links to readings
1	August 25	What is Nanoscience?	---------------
2	September 1	Waves (generic) Tutorial on Mathcad program used in simulations (mcd / pdf) Mathcad worksheet containing lecture's simulations (mcd / pdf)	Supporing Webpage 2
3	September 8	Waves (electron) Mathcad worksheet containing lecture's simulations (mcd / pdf)	Supporting Webpage 3
4	September 15	Microfabrication / Micromachining	Supporting Webpage 4
5	September 22	Great Science vs. Viable Technology	Supporting Webpage 5
6	September 29	The Need for Self-Assembly	Supporting Webpage 6
	October 6	Reading Day - No Class	---------------
7	October 13	Molecular Self-Assembly Part I	---------------
8	October 20	Molecular Self-Assembly Part II	Supporting Webpage 8
9	October 27	The Ultimate Self-Assembly Technique: DNA Part II: DNA Fingerprinting (supporting labs 12 &13)	Supporting Webpage 9
10	November 3	How We See and Measure at the Nanoscale	Supporting Webpage 10
11	November 10	The Bleeding Edge: Emerging Applications of Nanoscience	Supporting Webpage 11
12	November 17	The Fictions of Nano Science Fiction	Supporting Webpage 12
13	December 1	Nanotechnology Challenges and Fears	Supporting Webpage 13

Lab Schedule and Manuals:

#	Lab Dates	Topic / Activity	Supporting webpage with links to manuals, guides, animations & resources, equipment list
1	September 2-3	Waves in Springs	Supporting Webpage Lab 1
2	September 9-10	Waves in Water I	Supporting Webpage Labs 2/3
3	September 16-17	Waves in Water II
4	September 23-24	IC Fab Lab Tour / Demonstration of Photolithography Lab will begin with quiz on these UVA Virtual Lab presentations: How Semiconductors and Transistors Work, How Integrated Circuits are Made, and Optical Photolithography	Supporting Webpage Lab 4
5	Sept 30 / Oct 1	Scanning Probe Microscopy / Scanning Electron Microscopy Lab will begin with quiz on these UVA Virtual Lab presentations: Scanning Probe Microscope, SPM Piezoelectrics, and Scanning Electron Microscope	Supporting Webpage Lab 5
6	October 7-8	Introduction to the Scanning Tunneling Microscope Lab will begin with quiz on this UVA Virtual Lab presentation: easyScan STM (quiz must be passed before using the STM),	Supporting Webpage Labs 6-8
7	October 14-15	Use the STM to image atoms on the surface of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) Bring USB stick to lab to save copies of the STM images you obtain. Paste your best images into the STM lab report form and submit in next class.
8	October 21-22
9	October 28-29	Introduction to the Atomic Force Microscope Lab will begin with quiz on this UVA Virtual Lab presentation: easyScan AFM (quiz must be passed before using the AFM),	Supporting Webpage Labs 9/10
10	November 4-5	Use the AFM to examine: Individual Graphite Atoms, Integrated Circuit , Carbon Nanotube, C60, Atomic Steps on Gold or Etched Semiconductors, Nano Ge islands on Si, Crystallographic Dislocations in Si, A Nanosample Idea of Yours Bring USB stick to lab to save copies of the AFM images you obtain. Paste your best images into the AFM lab report form and submit in next class.
11	November 11-12	Super Hydrophobic Surfaces	Supporting Webpage Lab 11
12	November 18-19	Charlottesville CSI: DNA Fingerprinting A quiz on the DNA Fingerprinting notes must be passed before starting this lab (you can study these notes on your own OR I will present them at 5pm, Thursday November 12 in Thornton E-303) Bring a copy of the UVA DNA Fingerprinting Lab Manual (at least pages 8-21) Do not eat for at least one hour before lab	Supporting Webpage Labs 12/13
	November 25-26	No Lab - Thanksgiving Break
13	December 2-3	Charlottesville CSI: DNA Fingerprinting Bring a copy of the UVA DNA Fingerprinting Lab Manual (at least pages 8-21) Wear blue (we'll be making heavy use of blue stains)

Homework Assignments

General Notes on Assignments:

Assignments are to be typed and submitted in paper form on the indicated due date

Late assignments will not be accepted (ONLY exceptions: certified illness or personal emergency)

ANY assigned reading may be the subject of an in-class pop quiz on its date

	Due	Assignment
1	September 1	Read: Textbook's chapter 1 Read: Newspaper Article on Gecko Grip (link) Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of the above newspaper article Bring to lab: Printed copy of Spring Lab Instructions / Report Document (link)
2	September 8	Read:Textbook Chapter 2, only pages 29-40 (because rest of chapter tends to be more relevant to micro than nano) Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that nanoscience news article (include URL for article in your report, of if from print article, a copy of it). Study for Lab: Ripple Tank Manual Bring to Lab: Copy of our Ripple Tank Lab Instructions / Report Document
3	September 15	Read: Textbook Chapter 3: Nanophysics / Submit: Problems 3.7, 3.9, and 3.10 (to be pledged / no sharing) Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). Students in Lab 1 (Wed 2 pm): Pick-up Nanocarbon kits and submit in lab next week a model of graphite, nanotube or C60. See descriptions in lectures 7,8, or UVA Virtual Lab presentation on Nanocarbon (now best viewed with browser other than Firefox which in 2009 started altering relative positions of Shockwave 3D objects).
4	September 22	Read: Chapter 4: Nanomaterials / Submit: Problems 4.5, 4.6, 4.9, 4.17, 4.26, 4.27 (to be pledged / no sharing) Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). Students in Lab 2 (Wed 3:30 pm): Pick-up Nanocarbon kits and submit in lab next week a model of graphite, nanotube or C60. See descriptions in lectures 7,8, or UVA Virtual Lab presentation on Nanocarbon (now best viewed with browser other than Firefox which in 2009 started altering relative positions of Shockwave 3D objects). For Lab: Study and prepare for quiz on: How Semiconductors and Transistors Work, How Integrated Circuits are Made, and Optical Photolithography
5	September 29	Read: Textbook, second half of textbook's chapter 5: Nanomechanics (page 165 to end) "Rupturing the Nanotech Rapture" (it explains my limited enthusiasm for chapter 5) Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). Students in Lab 3 (Thurs 2 pm): Pick-up Nanocarbon kits and submit in lab next week a model of graphite, nanotube or C60. See descriptions in lectures 7,8, or UVA Virtual Lab presentation on Nanocarbon (now best viewed with browser other than Firefox which in 2009 started altering relative positions of Shockwave 3D objects). For Lab: Study and prepare for quiz on: Scanning Probe Microscope, SPM Piezoelectrics, and Scanning Electron Microscope
6	October 7-8*	Read: First half of textbook's chapter 6: Nanoelectronics (pages 191-213) Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). Students in Lab 4 (Thurs 3:30 pm): Pick-up Nanocarbon kits and submit in lab next week a model of graphite, nanotube or C60. See descriptions in lectures 7,8, or UVA Virtual Lab presentation on Nanocarbon (now best viewed with browser other than Firefox which in 2009 started altering relative positions of Shockwave 3D objects). For Lab: Study and prepare for quiz on: easyScan STM
7	October 13	Read: Textbook, Chapter 7: Nanoheat Transfer / Submit: Problems 7.1, 7,2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.6, 7.7, 7,8, 7.9, 7.15 (to be pledged / no sharing) Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). For Lab: Bring USB stick to lab to save copies of the STM images you obtain. Paste your best images into the STM lab report form and submit at October 27 class.
8	October 20	Do: Mini-Midterm on "Nanotechnology: Getting it Right the First Time" Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). Students in Lab 1 (Weds 2:00 pm): Pick-up DNA atomic model kits (one kit per pair of students). Completed model to be submitted in lab next week. Follow instructions given at this link, making use of UVA Virtual lab presentations DNA: Big Picture & DNA: Do it Yourself (now best viewed with browser other than Firefox which in 2009 started altering relative positions of Shockwave 3D objects). For Lab: Bring USB stick to lab to save copies of the STM images you obtain. Paste your best images into the STM lab report form and submit at October 27 class.
9	October 27	Read: Textbook, Chapter 8: Nanophotonics / Submit: Problems 8.5, 8.15, 8.23, 8.26, 8.29 (to be pledged / no sharing) Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). Submit: Completed STM lab report form. Students in Lab 2 (Weds 3:30 pm): Pick-up DNA atomic model kits (one kit per pair of students). Completed model to be submitted in lab next week. Follow instructions given at this link, making use of UVA Virtual lab presentations DNA: Big Picture & DNA: Do it Yourself (now best viewed with browser other than Firefox which in 2009 started altering relative positions of Shockwave 3D objects). For Lab: Study and prepare for quiz on: easyScan AFM Bring USB stick to lab to save copies of the AFM images you obtain. Paste your best images into the AFM lab report form and submit at November 10 class.
10	November 3	Read: First half of textbook, Chapter 9: Nanofluidics (pages 285-308) / Submit: Problems 9.2, 9.5, 9.9, 9.10, 9.12 (to be pledged / no sharing) Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). Students in Lab 3 (Thurs 2:00 pm): Pick-up DNA atomic model kits (one kit per pair of students). Completed model to be submitted in lab next week. Follow instructions given at this link, making use of UVA Virtual lab presentations DNA: Big Picture & DNA: Do it Yourself (now best viewed with browser other than Firefox which in 2009 started altering relative positions of Shockwave 3D objects). For Lab: Bring USB stick to lab to save copies of the AFM images you obtain. Paste your best images into the AFM lab report form and submit at November 10 class.
11	November 10	Submit: A declaration of your tentative choice of final exam research topic. This should include a typed one paragraph long description of why you chose this topic and what you hope to learn. (If a more interesting topic occurs to you later, I will allow for a change - but I want you to have at least one hard idea in mind by this date). Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). Submit: Completed AFM lab report form. Students in Lab 4 (Thurs 3:30 pm): Pick-up DNA atomic model kits (one kit per pair of students). Completed model to be submitted in lab next week. Follow instructions given at this link, making use of UVA Virtual lab presentations DNA: Big Picture & DNA: Do it Yourself (now best viewed with browser other than Firefox which in 2009 started altering relative positions of Shockwave 3D objects).
12	November 17	Read: Textbook, Chapter 10: Nanobio / Submit: Problems (to be pledged / no sharing): 10.4, 10.6, 10.7, 10.18 10_john_1: What is the efficiency of the ATP recharaging motor? 10_john_2: In Harvard's animation "Cellular Visions," do the molecular transporters tugging their spheres of cargo along the actin filaments appear to based on myosin or on kinesin? Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). For Lab: Study for the quiz on the DNA Fingerprinting notes which must be passed before starting this lab
13	December 1	Read: A nanoscience news article (of your own choosing) / Submit: One page ANALYSIS of the scientific content of that article (including URL or printed copy of article). For Lab: Bring copy of at least pages 8-21 of the lab manual, and wear blue
	December 16	Final Exam Due at 5pm in Professor Bean's office (Thornton E-223)

*This assignment due in the labs following Reading Days